| Abstract: In order to clarify the impact on the growth and effect of increasing yield and income of balanced fertilization of pepper, construct a high-yield and high-quality production technology system of pepper and promote the green, high efficiency and sustainable development of the agricultural industry, a field fertilization experiment was carried out from February to August 2023. Five treatments were set up, including no fertilization (CK), nitrogen deficiency fertilization (PK), phosphorus deficiency fertilization
(NK), potassium deficiency fertilization (NP) and balanced fertilization of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK), to explore the effects of different fertilization treatments on the growth, yield and quality of pepper. The results showed that the balanced fertilization of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was helpful to promote the growth of plant height and stem diameter of pepper. Compared with the control, plant height and stem diameter of pepper under the balanced fertilization of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium significantly increased by 21.31% and 26.54%, respectively. The yield of pepper under different fertilization treatments ranged from 28 157.39 kg/hm2 to 33 520.05 kg/hm2, which were all extremely significantly higher than that of the control. The yield of balanced fertilization of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was the highest, which
increased by 17 341.82 kg/hm2 compared with that of no fertilization treatment, and the rate of yield increase was 107.19%. Balanced fertilization of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium could extremely significantly improve the quality index of pepper at full fruiting period, namely, the VC content, free amino acid content and soluble total sugar content of pepper increased by 66.67%, 39.28% and 43.82% compared with those of no fertilization, respectively. The contribution to the improvement of pepper yield and quality of nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer were higher than that of phosphate fertilizer. Balanced fertilization of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (the application amounts of urea, calcium superphosphate and potassium chloride were 782.61, 2 416.67 kg/hm2 and 193.55 kg/hm2, respectively) was helpful to promote the growth, yield and
quality improvement of pepper. It was suggested that balanced application of fertilizer should be paid attention in actual production. |