蔬菜

有机废料生态肥还田对温室土壤环境质量及番茄品质和效益的影响

Effects of Organic Waste Ecological Fertilizer Returning to Fields on Quality of Soil Environmental and Quality and Benefit of Tomato in Greenhouse

DOI：

中文关键词: 关键词：有机废料生态肥土壤番茄产量品质

英文关键词:Keywords: organic waste ecological fertilizer soil tomato yield quality

基金项目:张掖市农业农村局科技创新项目（2018GSNYNC012）

作者	单位
杨霞１，潘子涵1 ，唐伟杰1 ，秦嘉海2	1.培黎职业学院，甘肃张掖 734000；2.河西学院农业与生态工程学院，甘肃张掖 734000

摘要点击次数: 188

全文下载次数: 0

中文摘要:

摘要：为了解决张掖地区温室蔬菜因长期施用化肥而品质下降的问题，在连续8年种植蔬菜的温室内进行有机废料生态肥还田对土壤环境质量及番茄品质和效益影响的研究。结果表明：随着有机废料生态肥施用量的增加，番茄产量在递增，而每千克肥料增产量和肥料投资效率在递减。有机废料生态肥施肥量为50.00 t/hm2 时，施肥利润达到最大值；有机废料生态肥与常规化肥相比较，温室土壤容重、pH值、电导率、可溶性盐含量和真菌数量分别显著降低10.00%、9.40%、7.75%、7.37%和6.42%，Hg、Cd、Cr、 Pb含量分别极显著降低6.25%、7.50%、6.20%和18.05%，总孔隙度、＞0.25 mm团聚体、总持水量和CEC 分别极显著增加9.64%、16.87%、9.64%和17.83%，有机质含量、有机碳含量、有机碳密度、供碳量分别增加16.72%、16.71%、4.78%和16.74%，碱解氮含量、速效磷含量、速效钾含量、供氮量、供磷量和供钾量分别增加2.04%、3.14%、3.69%、2.05%、3.21%和3.70%；细菌数量、放线菌数量及蔗糖酶、脲酶、磷酸酶、多酚氧化酶活性分别增加17.79%、31.80%、14.92%、2.17%、0.98%和12.99%；番茄果实可滴定酸含量降低19.15%，可溶性糖、VC含量、单果质量、单株产量和产量分别增加6.97%、10.79%、6.68%、 6.81%和5.45%；增产值、施肥利润和肥料投资效率分别增加25.73%、29.64%和27.77%。施用有机废料生态肥提高了温室土壤有机碳含量、微生物数量及酶活性和番茄产量，改善了番茄品质。

英文摘要:

Abstract: In order to solve the problem of vegetable quality decline caused by long-term application of chemical fertilizer in Zhangye area, the effects of organic waste ecological fertilizer on soil environmental quality and tomato quality and benefit were studied in greenhouse where vegetables were grown for 8 consecutive years. The results showed that the yield of tomato increased with the gradient of organic waste ecological fertilizer application, but the yield of kilogram fertilizer and fertilizer investment efficiency decreased. The maximum profit of fertilization reached when the amount of organic waste ecological fertilizer was 50.00 t/hm2 . Compared with the treatment of conventional chemical fertilizer, the bulk density, pH value, electrical conductivity, content of soluble salt and fungal quantity of greenhouse soil by organic waste ecological fertilizer with 50.0 t/hm2 significantly reduced by 10.00%, 9.40%, 7.75%, 7.37% and 6.42%, respectively. The contents of Hg, Cd, Cr and Pb extremely significantly decreased by 6.25%, 7.50%, 6.20% and 18.05%, respectively. The total porosity, > 0.25 mm aggregate, total water capacity and CEC extremely significantly increased by 9.64%, 16.87%, 9.64% and 17.83%, respectively. The contents of organic matter, organic carbon, and organic carbon density and carbon supply increased by 16.72%, 16.71%, 4.78% and 16.74%, respectively. The contents of alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, and nitrogen supply, phosphorus supply and potassium supply increased by 2.04%, 3.14%, 3.69%, 2.05%, 3.21% and 3.70%, respectively. The number of bacteria and actinomycetes, the activities of sucrase, urease, phosphatase and polyphenol oxidase increased by 17.79%, 31.80%, 14.92%, 2.17%, 0.98% and 12.99%, respectively. The content of soluble sugar and VC, fruit weight, fruit weight per plant and yield increased by 6.97%, 10.79%, 6.68%, 6.81% and 5.45%, respectively. The output value, fertilizer profit and fertilizer investment efficiency increased by 25.73%, 29.64% and 27.77%, respectively. The application of organic waste ecological fertilizer increased the number of microorganisms and the activities of enzyme in the soil, increased yield and improved quality of tomato.

查看全文查看/发表评论下载PDF阅读器

关闭