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松树针叶有机肥与减量化肥配施对辣椒生长及土壤肥力的影响

Effects of Combined Application of Pine Needle Organic Fertilizer and Reducing Fertilizer on Pepper Growth and Soil Fertility

DOI：

中文关键词: 松树针叶有机肥替代产量土壤肥力

英文关键词:Keywords: pine needle organic fertilizer replacement yield soil fertility

基金项目:贵州省科技计划项目（黔科合支撑[2020]1Y086）；现代农业产业技术体系（CARS-24-G-19）。

作者	单位
朱文超1，王　岩1，韩　超2，郑　派3，胡明文1*	1.贵州省农业科学院辣椒研究所，贵州贵阳 550006；2.贵州农业职业学院，贵州贵阳 550006；3.贵州威恒农业科技有限公司，贵州黔南 558000

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中文摘要:

研究松树针叶有机肥与减量化肥配施对辣椒生长及土壤肥力的影响，为实现松树针叶有机肥在辣椒实际生产中的应用和减肥增效提供理论依据。通过田间小区试验，设置不施肥空白（CK）、常规施肥（FP）、化肥减量20%配施有机肥处理（OP1）、化肥减量50%配施有机肥处理（OP2）、化肥减量80%配施有机肥处理（OP3）5个处理。结果表明：化肥减量配施有机肥同样可以达到常规施肥对辣椒生长的促进效果，较CK处理，FP、OP1处理均能显著促进辣椒的生长，增加辣椒株高、茎粗、生物量，且FP、OP1处理之间无显著差异。化肥减量配施有机肥能有效改善辣椒产量构成与产量，较FP处理，OP1处理的单株挂果数、单株果质量、果长、果肉厚度分别增加11.01%、10.11%、1.26%、1.05%；施肥处理FP、OP1、OP2、OP3较CK处理产量显著增加，分别增加了69.54%、86.76%、42.62%、23.85%。施肥显著增加了辣椒磷、钾含量，较CK处理，FP、OP1、OP2、OP3处理辣椒果实磷含量分别显著提高58.63%、59.44%、25.70%、9.24%；钾含量分别显著提高63.75%、82.72%、39.28%、20.93%。化肥减量配施有机肥可以保障并提高土壤养分的含量，其中，OP1处理土壤碱解氮含量最高（102.33 mg/kg），较FP处理显著提高了9.16%；常规施肥处理的土壤有效磷含量最高，但与化肥减量配施有机肥处理之间没有显著差异。综上，化肥减量20%配施松树针叶有机肥的施肥方式在促进辣椒生长，增产增效，提高肥料利用率和土壤肥力方面效果显著。

英文摘要:

Abstract: To provide theoretical basis for the application of pine needle organic fertilizer in pepper production and chemical fertilizer reduction and efficiency increase, the effect of pine needle organic fertilizer combining with reducing chemical fertilizer on pepper growth and soil fertility was studied. There were 5 treatments, such as no fertilization (CK), conventional fertilization (FP), 20% reduction of chemical fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer (OP1), 50% reduction of chemical fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer (OP2), 80% reduction of chemical fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer (OP3). The results showed that the reduction of chemical fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer could also achieve the promotion effect of conventional fertilization on pepper growth. Compared with CK treatment, FP and OP1 treatments could significantly promote the growth of pepper, increase the plant height, stem diameter and biomass of pepper, and there was no significant difference between FP treatment and OP1 treatment. Compared with FP treatment, the fruit number per plant, fruit weight per plant, fruit length and fruit thickness of OP1 treatment increased by 11.01%, 10.11%, 1.26% and 1.05%, respectively. Compared with CK treatment, FP, OP1, OP2 and OP3 significantly increased pepper yield by 69.54%, 86.76%, 42.62% and 23.85%, respectively. Compared with CK treatment, the phosphorus content of FP, OP1, OP2 and OP3 treatments increased significantly by 58.63%, 59.44%, 25.70% and 9.24%, and the potassium content significantly increased by 63.75%, 82.72%, 39.28% and 20.93%, respectively. The content of soil available nitrogen in OP1 treatment was the highest (102.33 mg/kg), which was significantly increased by 9.16% compared with FP treatment. The content of available phoshorus in soil under conventional fertilization treatment was the highest, but there was no significant difference between the two treatments. In conclusion, 20% reduction of chemical fertilizer combined with pine needle organic fertilizer had significant effect on promoting pepper growth, increasing yield and efficiency, improving fertilizer utilization rate and soil fertility.

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